The article is devoted to the issues of reflecting the connection between language and national culture as one of the means of implementing and establishing communication between generations. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the literary folklore source of the agricultural calendar «Mesyatseslov», which reflects an attempt to comprehend human existence, the connection between the life of a Russian peasant and traditions and rituals, which reflect the norms of national ethics and aesthetics. Due to the fact that the folk mesyeslov was associated practically only with the oral linguistic tradition, it most fully represents the national consciousness, a naive picture of the world, a living Russian word that has come down to us from time immemorial.
Keywords: National language, religious and ritual symbols, agricultural calendar, paganism and Christianity, anthroponyms, name-symbol.